Search tool |
Example of search string in box |
What that means to the database |
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string |
Hyl* |
Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla. |
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string |
*Hyla |
Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla |
|
Hyla |
Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor |
Strings of words without quotation marks |
Lithobates pipiens |
Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens |
Strings of word with quotation marks |
"Lithobates pipiens" |
Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex. |
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND |
Lithobates AND pipiens |
Same as "Lithobates pipiens" |
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR |
Lithobates OR "Costa Rica" |
Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica |
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks) |
Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri |
Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records |
Printable HELP file |
Search tool |
Example of search string in box |
What that means to the database |
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string |
Hyl* |
Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla. |
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string |
*Hyla |
Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla |
Single word |
Hyla |
Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor |
Strings of words without quotation marks |
Lithobates pipiens |
Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens |
Strings of word with quotation marks |
"Lithobates pipiens" |
Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex. |
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND |
Lithobates AND pipiens |
Same as "Lithobates pipiens" |
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR |
Lithobates OR "Costa Rica" |
Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica |
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks) |
Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri |
Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records |
Printable HELP file |
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Hyalinobatrachium Ruiz-Carranza and Lynch, 1991
35 species
Common Names
Glass Frogs (Liner, 1994, Herpetol. Circ., 23: 22; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 47; Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 14).
Neotropical Glass Frogs (Hedges, Powell, Henderson, Hanson, and Murphy, 2019, Caribb. Herpetol., 67: 9).
Distribution
Tropical Mexico to Bolivia and Amazonian Brazil to the east.
Comment
See Ruiz-Carranza and Lynch, 1998, Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Exact. Fis. Nat., 22: 571-586, for discussion of phylogenetics and species groups. Savage, 2002, Amph. Rept. Costa Rica: 367-376, provided a key and accounts to the species of Costa Rica. Noonan and Bonett, 2003, J. Herpetol., 37: 91-97, compared the species of the Guiana Shield region. Duellman and Señaris Vasquez, 2003, Herpetologica, 59: 251, refined the diagnosis of this taxon. Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid, 2006, Zootaxa, 1244: 1-32, discussed the evidence supporting the inferred monophyly of this group and cast doubt on its historical reality and rejected the separation of the Hyalinobatrachium peristictum group from the Hyalinobatrachium prosoblepon group. Guayasamin, Bustamante, Almeida-Reinoso, and Funk, 2006, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 147: 489-513, suggested that Hyalinobatrachium, and the Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni group, are monophyletic. Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid, 2007 "2006", Herpetotropicos, Mérida, 3: 21-28, discussed the group and rejected subgroupings. Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid, 2007, Zootaxa, 1572: 1-82, redelimited Hyalinobatrachium to be monophyletic by restricting it to the Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni group and excluding the Hyalinobatrachium parvulum group: Hyalinobatrachium eurygnathum, Hyalinobatrachium parvulum, and Hyalinobatrachium uranoscopum, currently unattached to any of the recognized genera. Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Ayarzagüena, Trueb, and Vilà, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 48: 574-595, recovered Hyalinobatrachium to be polyphyletic. Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009, Zootaxa, 2100: 1-97, redelimited Hyalinobatrachium to render it monophyletic and provided a phylogeny. Köhler, 2011, Amph. Cent. Am.: 120–125, compared the species of Central America and provided an identification key, maps, and photographs.
Contained taxa (35 sp.):
Hyalinobatrachium mashpi Guayasamin, Brunner, Valencia-Aguilar, Franco-Mena, Ringler, Medina Armijos, Morochz, Bustamante, Maynard, and Culebras, 2022
Hyalinobatrachium nouns Guayasamin, Brunner, Valencia-Aguilar, Franco-Mena, Ringler, Medina Armijos, Morochz, Bustamante, Maynard, and Culebras, 2022
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